Science · Soils
Sand
Coarse particles (0.05–2 mm) that drain fast and resist compaction — the basis of USGA greens and modern sports fields.
Soil texture class
Profile
- Particle size
- 0.05–2 mm
- Drainage
- Very fast
- Water holding
- Low
- Nutrient holding (CEC)
- Very low
- Compaction resistance
- High
Water & soil targets
- Moisture (VWC)
- Field capacity ~10–18%; wilting point ~3–6%
- Salinity tolerance
- Leaches salts easily
- Drought tolerance
- Dries quickly
Small, frequent irrigation amounts; nutrients leach readily.
Problems to watch
- Localized dry spot (hydrophobicity)
- Nutrient leaching
- Layering problems
Stress signs
- Rapid dry-down
- Water repellency
- Low nutrient color
Where you'll find it
- USGA greens
- Sports fields
- Racetrack footing
More soils
All Science profilesGeneral agronomic guidance and typical ranges; actual targets vary by site, soil, climate and season.